Revising Numbers

Numbers, Mathematics, and Statistics

• Numbers: Use numerals
  
  • for numbers 10 and higher (Exceptions: see sections 4.33-4.34)
  • for numbers before a unit of measurement (Example: 9 kilometers)
  • for numbers representing statistical or mathematical functions, fractions, decimals, percentages, etc.
  • for times, dates, ages, scores, points, sums of money, etc.
• Numbers: Spell out the word
  • for numbers that begin a sentence, title, or text heading (Writers can start a sentence with a year expressed in numerals.)
  • for common fractions (e.g., two-thirds cup)
  • for universally accepted phrases (e.g. "Twelve Apostles")
• Use spaces between numbers and mathematical operators. (Example: a + b = c)
• Remember to name the statistical procedure you're using before reporting its results.
• Percent(age) versus %:
  • Use the symbol when preceded by a numeral (e.g., "50% of people")
  • Spell out the word when a number isn't given (e.g., "a sizable percent" or "a significant percentage")
• Formal abbreviations and symbols: These include p (lowercase italic) for probability and t (lowercase italic) for t-test and the sample value of the t-test statistic.
• Anchors of a scale (example, 1 = low and 4 = high) are italicized.

See pages 111-114, 117-123 of the manual for more information.

References

American Psychological Association. (2009a). The mechanics of style. In Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (pp. 87-124). Washington, DC:  Author.

American Psychological Association. (2009b). Writing clearly and concisely. In Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (pp. 61-86). Washington, DC:  Author.

Last Updated: Dec 12, 2018 1:08 PM

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Full content reposted to this website by J. Dick, February 20, 2019.  To access the original content website, visit http://libguides.uta.edu/apa/style .